Understanding Karma in Jainism
Unlike many other religions, Jainism views karma not as divine judgment, but as a physical substance that attaches to the soul due to actions, thoughts, and emotions. This karmic matter influences the cycle of rebirth.
Types of Karma in Jainism
Karma in Jainism is categorized into eight main types, each affecting the soul differently:
- Jnanavaraniya (Knowledge-Obscuring Karma): Blocks true wisdom.
- Darshanavaraniya (Perception-Obscuring Karma): Limits spiritual insight.
- Vedaniya (Feeling-Producing Karma): Determines pain or pleasure.
- Mohaniya (Deluding Karma): Causes attachment and ignorance.
- Ayushya (Lifespan-Determining Karma): Controls lifespan in the next birth.
- Nama (Name-Determining Karma): Influences physical form.
- Gotra (Status-Determining Karma): Defines birth status (high or low).
- Antaraya (Obstructing Karma): Hinders charitable acts and liberation.
The Cycle of Rebirth and Moksha
According to Jainism, karma binds the soul to samsara (the cycle of rebirth). A soul can be reborn in four possible states:
Devas (Heavenly Beings)
Souls born in celestial realms due to good karma.
Humans
The only birth where liberation is possible.
Animals & Plants
Souls born in lower forms due to ignorance.
Narakas (Hellish Beings)
Souls who accumulate negative karma suffer in hell.
How to Destroy Karma & Achieve Liberation
Jainism teaches that one can purify the soul and achieve Moksha by following these key practices:
- Right Faith (Samyak Darshana): Belief in Jain truths.
- Right Knowledge (Samyak Jnana): Understanding the nature of the soul.
- Right Conduct (Samyak Charitra): Living a life of non-violence and discipline.
Once all karmic particles are removed, the soul becomes pure and liberated, reaching Siddhashila, the realm of eternal bliss.